General Terms used in Motor Industry

Please share the general terms being used in motor Industry with little explanation underneath.
Please keep it nice and short

thanks

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C.C - Cubic Capacity
displacement is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of an internal combustion engine in a single movement from top dead centre (TDC) to bottom dead centre (BDC). It is commonly specified in cubic centimeters (cc)

Demonstration:

Bore: The diameter of Piston.
Stroke: The depth or the movement of the piston from top to bottom inside the cylinder.

BHP: Brake Horse Power
This is a measure of an engine’s horsepower without the loss in power caused by the gearbox, generator, water pump, differential and any other auxiliary components such as power steering, alternator or the AC compressor.

HP-Horsepower
Horsepower (HP) is the name of several units of measurement of power. The most common definitions equal between 735.5 and 750 watts.

Horsepower was originally defined to compare the output of steam engines with the power of draft horses. The unit was widely adopted to measure the output of piston engines, turbines, electric motors, and other machinery.

KW-Killowatts
Kilowatts is the measure of power used for cars. The higher the number the better. In order to change Kilowatts into Horsepower use the following formula:

Horsepower = Kilowatts x 1.34

Intake Manifold: Is the duct through which air enters the cylinder(Made out of aluminum or in some cases out of heat-resistant plastic). Present between the cylinder head(intake side) and the air filter

Exhaust Manifold: Duct through which exhaust gases exit the cylinder(Made out of special grade steel/cast iron). Present between the cylinder head(exhaust side) and the exhaust system/collector

Can Someone Explain
LIFTERS

Valves

Lifters are basically followers of the valves on the cams, at high engine speeds it is imperative that the valves remain in contact with the profile of the cam...there are mechanical limitations at high engine speeds like Valve chatter(when the valve bounces on it seat when its closed too quickly), also direct contact betwwen the valve end and the cam shaft can result in wear as the valve is performing two functions, its tranforming the rotational action of the cam into lateral displacement of the valve alongwith moving up and down, the wear and tear is the result of impact loading and thrust experienced by the valve when the profile of the cam strikes the valve stem, also the valve stem has to skid on the surface of the cam profile..hence in order to elongate the life of the valve gear..rocker assemblies are used which ride on cam followers, cam followers are continously in contact with the came via rollers which reduces impact loading, and the rockers themselves pivot on a shaft to transform the rotational displacment of the cam into lateral displacement of the valve.

Pic Source: Wikipedia
Very generically I'll explain the pic above
20-21 are cam followers(which maybe needle point roller or hydraulic)
8 of course is the cam itself
7 if the cam profile
the yellow marked part is the rocker arm itself and pivots on 32(rocker shaft)
2 is cylinder head

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* CRDi : Common Rail Diesel Injection
* CRDe : Common Rail Diesel Engine
* MPFi : Multi Point Fuel Injection System
* VVTi : Variable Valve Timing Intelligence
* TDi :Turbo Charged Direct Injection
* DICOR : Direct Injection Common Rail engine (This is actually reverse of CRDi, Its the same tec used in CRDi engines with li'l bit of mods.)
* PD : Pumpe Duse

Vtec- Variable valve timing and electronic lift control
Tdi[TATA]- Turbo diesel intercooled
TDi[Skoda]- Turbo diesel Direct Injection.
VGT- Variable Geometry Turbine
DDiS- Direct Diesel injection System
DTSi- Dual Twin Spark ignition
CDI - Common rail Direct Injection
CGI - Charged Gasoline Injection

Names of different parts of the car

Attached Images